What are the reasons behind the escalating climate disasters across Asia, including India? According to the United Nations agency, how much greater a threat looms in the future

In 2023, Asia experienced its second-highest recorded temperature anomaly, with the average temperature exceeding the 1991-2020 baseline by 0.91 degrees Celsius. The World Meteorological Organization reported that this significant deviation underscores the intensifying impact of climate change on the region.

The latest report from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), a specialized agency of the United Nations, serves as a stark warning about the escalating number of climate-related disasters across Asia, with India being notably affected. The report underscores how climate change is exacerbating these disasters, leading to a surge in both human and economic losses. Moreover, it highlights the heightened risk of future natural calamities.

Insights from the "State of Climate in Asia 2023" Report

In the "State of Climate in Asia 2023" report, the WMO brings attention to the alarming rate at which Asia is warming, surpassing the global average. This warming trend is a clear indication of the intensifying impact of climate change on the region.

Impact on India: Heatwaves and Natural Disasters

The report outlines the dire consequences experienced by India in 2023. Notably, around 110 deaths were attributed to heatstroke during the scorching months of April and June. Furthermore, the monsoon season brought devastating floods and storms, resulting in over 600 fatalities across India, Pakistan, and Nepal. The aftermath of these disasters in August 2023 witnessed extensive damage in states like Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand due to floods and landslides, causing significant loss of life and widespread destruction of infrastructure and agricultural lands. Additionally, Cyclone Michaung, which made landfall in Andhra Pradesh, claimed the lives of 22 individuals in Southeast India.

Impact of Glacier Melting

The report delves into the concerning phenomenon of accelerated glacier melting in Asia. With temperatures in 2023 surpassing the 1991-2020 average by 0.91 degrees Celsius, the region witnessed a significant increase in glacier melting rates. This trend culminated in a catastrophic Glacial Lake Outburst Flood in North Sikkim, resulting in substantial damage to the Teesta III hydroelectric dam and the loss of over 100 lives, with many more individuals reported missing and displaced.

Addressing the Rising Challenges

The report underscores the urgent need to address climate change as the primary driver behind the surge in climate-related disasters. According to the WMO, Asia experienced a total of 79 climate-related disasters in 2023, with floods and storms accounting for over 80% of these events. These disasters claimed over 2,000 lives and directly affected millions of people. This amplifying threat poses significant challenges for mitigation and adaptation efforts, necessitating immediate and concerted action at local, national, and international levels to confront the escalating impacts of climate change.